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[Music]

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spherics is nasa's latest explorer

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mission in astrophysics it's a small

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telescope but it has this unique and

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powerful capability of doing

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spectroscopy everywhere we are going to

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survey the entire celestial sphere and

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collect a data set that will help us

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answer three fundamental science

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questions it's going to tell us about

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the origin of the universe the birth and

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formation history of galaxies and the

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abundance of essential molecules such as

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water in the early stages of star and

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planet formation the great thing about

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spherex is not only will we view the

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entire sky

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four times but we will see it in nearly

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a hundred near infrared colors and

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that's really never been done before

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[Music]

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according to our current understanding

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of the universe we think

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that in

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the very earliest times and i'm talking

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here a fraction of a second uh much less

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than a nanosecond the universe appeared

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to have gone through an accelerating

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expansion called inflation and this is

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really a profound

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idea and we're very interested to to

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test it and so one way to do this is to

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look at how matter is distributed over

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the universe we want to map hundreds of

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millions of galaxies in three dimensions

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what spherics does in addition to

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mapping out all these galaxies is we

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cover the whole sky so we can measure

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these galaxies over the largest part of

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the range we can see which is the entire

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sky and we want to cover the full range

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of distances from today to as far back

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as we we can see

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we know there are about 100 billion

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galaxies in the universe maybe more but

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we still don't have a good understanding

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how these galaxies came to be

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did they all form at the same time did

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they change in size and luminosity or

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brightness over time

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so the intent with spherex is for us to

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figure out

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the formation history of galaxies where

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do they exactly form and how do they

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grow over cosmic time and that

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information is crucial for us because

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that will allow us to

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separate various theories we right have

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right now on the formation and growth of

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galaxies

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every day we all

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pick up a bottle of water and we drink

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it without thinking

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but

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to scientists we still don't understand

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how this water

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arrived at earth

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where was it formed how did it get here

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and this is an area in which spherex

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will make major strides

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water molecules bounce around in

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interstellar space

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and every once in a while they will

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impact a small dust grain when a water

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molecule collides with one of these dust

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grains

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it freezes on the surface it doesn't

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leave the surface and these ice covered

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dust grains participate in the collapse

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to form regions where new planets are

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formed

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spherex for the first time will allow us

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to directly measure not just the

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location of

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these key ingredients but the abundances

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of these key ingredients

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we expect to have spectra of

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of order half a billion galaxies

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hundreds of millions of stars

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we will really see anything that is

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observable in your infrared and that's a

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lot of things and so we can expect some

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exciting and unusual discoveries that

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come from this

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spherics is a nice complement to future

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telescopes such as the james webb space

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telescope with the fantastic spatial and